• The move signals a shift toward execution and infrastructure readiness as the company advances its proprietary pulsed torsatron fusion platform, transitioning its public identity to American Fusion Inc. following its merger with Kepler Fusion.
• Fusion development is being paired with a public-company operating framework aimed at long-term commercialization, positioning the platform for future industrial and grid-constrained power markets.
• Cartwright brings critical experience in manufacturing, large-scale operations, and regulated environments.

Renewal Fuels (OTC: RNWF) (d/b/a American Fusion), an advanced energy platform company focused on the development and commercialization of fusion energy technologies using a proprietary pulsed torsatron approach for Deuterium-Helium-3 fuel, has appointed Dwight Cartwright as Chief Operating Officer, adding an operations-focused executive as the company prepares for the next phase of its fusion energy development.

Renewal Fuels said Cartwright will oversee day-to-day operations, manufacturing and supply chain readiness, infrastructure development, and organizational execution as the business advances toward commercial deployment.

Cartwright joins at a moment when Renewal Fuels is repositioning itself from a legacy structure into an advanced energy platform company centered on fusion. Following its merger with Kepler Fusion Technologies, the company is operating as American Fusion and has filed a corporate action with FINRA to formally change its legal name.

Management describes the strategy as building a scalable, infrastructure-grade fusion energy business, supported by proprietary technology, intellectual property development, and a public-company operating framework designed for long-duration value creation.

As COO, Cartwright is expected to translate engineering progress into repeatable operations. His background spans manufacturing, infrastructure buildouts, logistics coordination, and operational scaling in complex and regulated environments; experience the company views as critical as it moves beyond development.

Brent Nelson, CEO of Kepler Fusion Technologies, said he has worked closely with Cartwright and highlighted his ability to build organizations capable of supporting large technical programs. “He understands how to build organizations that can support complex technology programs at scale. As we move beyond development and toward deployment, Dwight’s experience will be invaluable in ensuring that our operational foundation matches the ambition of our technology,” Nelson said.

Richard Hawkins, chairman and CEO of Renewal Fuels, said the hire reflects a renewed emphasis on execution and accountability, noting Cartwright’s experience in managing risk and building durable systems. “Dwight’s appointment reflects our focus on execution and accountability. His background in leading complex operations, managing risk, and building durable systems strengthens our leadership team at a critical stage,” Hawkins added. “He brings the kind of operational rigor required to support American Fusion’s long-term objectives.”

The leadership change comes amid a broader effort to align technical ambition with operational discipline. Renewal Fuels is based in Southlake, Texas, and is now focused almost entirely on fusion energy through Kepler. Its core technology is the Texatron(TM) platform, a compact, pulsed fusion system intended for modular deployment in industrial and infrastructure settings.

Unlike laboratory-first fusion concepts, the Texatron approach is designed around controlled operating cycles that the company believes could support distributed installations over time. Renewal Fuels has emphasized system-level engineering and scalable architectures rather than experimental demonstrations.

It is important to note that, like many fusion approaches, the technology remains in development. While Kepler has reported progress in plasma formation, it has not yet demonstrated net-energy gain or operational fusion power.

Still, Renewal Fuels is building toward commercialization with a Power-as-a-Service model, under which it plans to retain ownership of fusion units and sell electricity under long-term contracts. The company believes this structure could support recurring revenue and fleet-based scaling, assuming technical milestones are achieved.

The platform is designed for environments that require continuous, non-intermittent power, including data centers, industrial facilities, defense installations, and remote locations. The company has also pointed to the potential for distributed deployment in grid-constrained areas.

That positioning aligns with broader market trends. According to data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration, electricity demand in the United States has resumed growth after years of relative stagnation, driven largely by commercial and industrial users. Data centers and advanced manufacturing are accounting for a growing share of incremental load, increasing pressure on generation capacity and transmission infrastructure.

Renewal Fuels is attempting to address that opportunity by pairing its fusion development with what it describes as disciplined governance and regulatory readiness. Management has emphasized transparency and institutional credibility alongside continued technical progress.

For more information, visit the company’s website at www.AmericanFusionEnergy.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to RNWF are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/RNWF

Disseminated on behalf of Nevada Organic Phosphate Inc. (CSE: NOP) (OTCQB: NOPFF) and may include paid advertising.

• The company aims to supply 100% organic, direct-ship raw rock phosphate to North America’s fast growing organic food sector, tapping their exceptional Murdock Mountain phosphate site in northeastern Nevada.
• Importantly, management says there are currently no large-scale North American competitors focused exclusively on organic sedimentary phosphate.
• Recent assays show an average 10.93% P₂O₅ in the Upper Phosphatic Zone, with low contaminant levels, requiring minimal processing beyond crushing, grinding, and bagging.
• Expanded drilling is planned beginning in April to verify expected lateral consistency of the phosphate layer deposit.

As North America’s organic food market expands, fertilizer inputs are becoming a strategic consideration for growers seeking compliant, low-contaminant nutrient sources. Nevada Organic Phosphate (CSE: NOP) (OTCQB: NOPFF), a leader in organic sedimentary phosphate exploration, is positioning itself to address that demand with what it describes as a large-scale, 100% organic sedimentary phosphate deposit in Nevada.

The company is focused on its Murdock Mountain Property in Elko County, northeastern Nevada. Its objective is straightforward: develop a direct-ship, pit-run rock phosphate fertilizer, aimed specifically at the organic and regenerative agriculture markets, rather than the conventional chemical fertilizer supply chain.

Unlike conventional phosphate producers that process ore into highly soluble chemical fertilizers, Nevada Organic Phosphate intends to mine, crush, grind and bag raw rock phosphate for direct application to fields. The material is designed for superior function as a slow-release, reactive phosphate source that works with soil microbiology rather than bypassing it.

The company argues that American farming practices are increasingly shifting toward reactive, mineral-based inputs compatible with regenerative methods. The company does not see itself competing directly with the large chemical fertilizer producers, but will instead serve a different and growing segment of agriculture.

The Murdock Project hosts an exploration target (“ETMI”) estimated at 10 to 46 million tonnes of rock phosphate grading between 3% and 15% P₂O₅. The estimate is conceptual in nature, based on an average thickness of 3.5 metres and a specific gravity of 2.61, and has not yet been defined as a formal mineral resource. Additional target areas identified on the property bring the broader ETMI potential to between 200 and 220 million tonnes of rock phosphate, according to company disclosures. The phosphate bed extends approximately 6.6 kilometres along strike, with additional land applications that could expand the prospective strike length beyond 30 kilometres. The property is located near highway and rail infrastructure connecting northeastern Nevada with all major agricultural regions. 

In a February 10 update, the company reported weighted average grades of 10.93% P₂O₅ from the first six drill holes in the Upper Phosphatic Zone (“UPZ”). Beyond phosphorus content, management highlighted what it characterized as a balanced multi-nutrient profile (https://ibn.fm/KstzR). Assays indicate meaningful levels of calcium, magnesium, potassium, silicon, iron, manganese and trace micronutrients. Calcium oxide content was reported at roughly 29% CaO, which could provide incidental soil-conditioning benefits.

Equally important for organic certification, the company reported low levels of cadmium, arsenic, lead, chromium and mercury, along with low radionuclide readings relative to many global sedimentary phosphate deposits. Director Garry Smith, P.Geo., noted that low contaminant levels may reduce regulatory friction as contaminant thresholds tighten in key markets.

For organic producers, contaminant profiles can be as important as nutrient content. Some global phosphate sources require blending or processing to meet certification standards. Nevada Organic Phosphate believes its material may be usable in raw form, subject to regulatory approvals. The company also emphasizes that the material is not expected to contaminate groundwater, lakes or rivers when applied according to agricultural standards, aligning with regenerative farming principles.

The project’s development model is intentionally simple. Management describes a low-capex pathway: break it up, dig it up, grind it, bag it and ship it. No chemical processing plants are contemplated. The company’s strategy is based on direct shipping raw rock phosphate, which reduces both capital intensity and environmental footprint compared with conventional beneficiation and acidulation processes.

Nevada Organic Phosphate plans to begin additional drilling in April, pending permitting, to test the consistency of the phosphate layer around Murdock Mountain. Management hopes to confirm that the phosphate layer maintains grade and thickness around the mountain. The company intends to obtain additional permits to drill at multiple points along that contour. Demonstrating continuity would strengthen the case for a large-scale, uniform deposit suitable for commercial development.

The broader context is a North American organic food market estimated at roughly $35 billion annually. As consumer demand for organic products grows, upstream inputs, including fertilizers, are coming under greater scrutiny.

Phosphate has recently been designated as a U.S. critical mineral, reflecting its strategic importance to agriculture. At the same time, global supply chains for phosphate fertilizers have faced periodic disruption. Nevada Organic Phosphate occupies a unique position as one of the only large-scale, dedicated organic sedimentary phosphate projects in North America. Management states there are no comparable large-scale competitors on the continent focused exclusively on supplying raw rock phosphate to organic agriculture.

For more information, visit the company’s website at www.NevadaPhosphate.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to NOP are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/NOP

Disseminated on behalf of Numa Numa Resources Inc. and may include paid advertisements.

• As demand for critical minerals and resilient supply chains intensifies, investors and policymakers are paying closer attention to places that combine scale, scarcity and strategic location.
• A recent BPR commentary piece spotlighted Bougainville as a resource-rich territory with renewed strategic relevance.
• Numa Numa is focused on reconstructing the Panguna Mine alongside other Bougainville projects.

As demand for critical minerals and resilient supply chains intensifies, investors and policymakers are paying closer attention to places that combine scale, scarcity and strategic location. Bougainville fits that description, and Numa Numa Resources is working to position itself as a developer in a region whose copper and gold potential could carry outsized importance as the global economy leans more heavily on electrification, infrastructure upgrades and secure raw materials.

A recent BPR commentary piece spotlighted Bougainville as a resource-rich territory with renewed strategic relevance, pointing specifically to gold and copper and placing Panguna at the center of the story. While the framing may be opinionated, the underlying premise is widely recognized: Bougainville has one of the most famous dormant copper-and-gold assets in the Pacific, and the question is less about whether the geology is significant and mor about how development could proceed responsibly, credibly and at a scale that makes economic sense.

The anchor asset is the Panguna Mine, whose modern legacy spans extraordinary production potential and extraordinary controversy. When it operated, Panguna was one of the world’s largest copper and gold mines, but its environmental damage and perceived inequities in revenue sharing helped trigger the Bougainville conflict that began in 1988 and lasted through the 1990s. That history continues to shape how people in Bougainville talk about mining today, even as many leaders also describe Panguna’s redevelopment as a potential economic lifeline tied to Bougainville’s long-term plans.

On the resource side, Numa Numa Resources highlights a specific and unusually digestible metric: Panguna’s known contained copper reserves are cited at about 5.3 million metric tons, and the company compares that figure with global reserve totals reported by the U.S. Geological Survey to illustrate its scale. Even if one never extrapolates a valuation from that number, the implication is clear: Assets of this size are rare, and they tend to draw sustained attention from governments, major miners, and strategic-materials stakeholders.

Bougainville’s resource story is also broader than Panguna alone. The island sits in a geologic setting that has supported multiple exploration narratives over the decades, and the region’s long-term development debates frequently extend to related materials, infrastructure inputs and complementary industrial opportunities. The political push toward greater self-reliance has reinforced that dynamic. Papua New Guinea’s leadership has publicly argued that Bougainville’s independence pathway depends in part on economic viability, and reporting has repeatedly linked that challenge to whether large-scale resource projects can be restarted under new terms and governance models. 

That is the context in which Numa Numa Resources presents its project plans. The company is focused on reconstructing the Panguna Mine alongside other Bougainville projects, including exploration efforts in areas it identifies as Mainoki and Karato. Numa Numa also discusses the Manetai limestone initiative, a concept tied to historical needs around lime supply and industrial support for mining operations. The practical point is that large mines are not standalone holes in the ground; they depend on supporting materials, logistics, energy, water systems and workforce development, all elements that can matter as much as ore grades when assessing whether an area can sustain modern operations.

The company’s emphasis on dormant-mine potential also aligns with a broader industry reality: Developing new, large-scale copper projects often faces long lead times, high capital requirements, and complex permitting and community engagement. In that environment, previously developed districts can look attractive if they can be modernized and governed differently than before. 

In the near term, Numa Numa’s opportunity is tied to how it navigates Bougainville’s on-the-ground realities while maintaining a credible development narrative to external audiences. Bougainville’s government continues to manage the politics of Panguna’s future with high sensitivity. Recent events have shown active decision-making around proposed partnerships and outside counterparties. For any developer, that means progress will likely be measured not only in geology and engineering but also in stakeholder alignment, institutional clarity and the ability to participate in Bougainville’s economic future in a way that is locally legitimate.

Bougainville’s copper and gold potential is not hypothetical; it is embedded in decades of history and in the scale of Panguna’s documented resource base. For Numa Numa Resources, the strategic bet is that a region with extraordinary mineral endowment, paired with a political push for economic self-sufficiency, could eventually support a new chapter of resource development built on stronger governance and broader benefit. 

For more information, visit www.NumaNumaResources.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to Numa Numa are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/NUMA

• With a focus on energy orchestration software rather than grid hardware or power generation, GridAI addresses the immediate need to coordinate and control energy throughout hyperscale AI campuses.
• With rising AI-driven electricity demand rapidly exposing the limits of traditional grid planning cycles, GridAI’s model centers on real-time coordination of existing assets and allows hyperscalers to optimize the design of new infrastructure buildout.
• The company’s platform operates across the entire data center campus, managing grid power, on-site generation, battery storage, and market participation, to position energy control as a financial and operational lever for large power users.

For much of the AI investment cycle, attention has centered on semiconductors, cloud platforms, and compute capacity. As the AI boom intensifies, the focus has shifted to speed-to-power and the optimization of the entire complex hyperscaler energy campus. Modern AI data centers require continuous, high-density power. Yet the grid was not built for clustered, compute-driven loads that scale in quarters rather than decades. As AI workloads expand, the ability to manage how energy is sourced, dispatched, and monetized is becoming a critical variable in project timelines and operating margins (https://ibn.fm/0hJBp). 

That is the gap which GridAI (NASDAQ: GRDX) is targeting, by operating at the intersection of artificial intelligence and energy infrastructure. GridAI describes itself as a real-time, AI-native software orchestration platform designed to coordinate grid power, on-site generation, battery storage, backup systems, and dynamic load across hyperscale AI campuses and distributed energy systems.

The company is not attempting to redesign the electric grid itself, or to optimize GPU workloads inside data centers. Instead, it operates across the data center campus, at the interface between large power consumers and the broader energy ecosystem.

AI data centers, particularly those built for high-performance computing and large-scale model training, draw continuous and often variable loads. These facilities increasingly cluster in regions where grid capacity is already constrained. At the same time, electric vehicles, distributed renewables, and electrified industrial processes are all adding complexity to power systems originally designed for predictable demand.

Analysts have projected that global capacity needs tied to these trends could increase by more than 50 gigawatts by 2028. Traditional grid upgrades require long planning cycles, regulatory approvals, and significant capital expenditure. In the near term, operators must work with existing infrastructure.

GridAI’s position is that the binding constraint is no longer power generation alone but rather speed-to-power and control – how power is dispatched, balanced, and monetized in real time. The company’s software coordinates multiple energy inputs, including grid interconnections, reciprocating engines, battery energy storage systems (“BESS”), and in some cases renewables such as solar. It manages these assets in the context of fluctuating fuel prices, wholesale electricity markets, and utility programs. Crucially, while orchestration decisions can be made at the GPU rack level, GridAI instead manages and optimizes energy flows before electricity reaches the servers.

Historically, grid modernization has meant physical expansion – more transmission lines, substations, and generation assets. Those investments remain necessary but move slowly. Software-based coordination can be deployed more quickly and adjusted in real time.

GridAI frames its role as an intelligence layer across assets that were not originally designed to work together dynamically. By coordinating dispatch between grid supply, on-site engines, and storage, the platform seeks to reduce congestion risk, manage volatility, and support resiliency without waiting for large infrastructure buildouts.

For hyperscale operators, power availability can delay campus buildouts or require expensive long-term contracts. Poorly managed energy procurement can inflate operating costs. Conversely, effective participation in real-time and day-ahead markets can generate revenue streams that partially offset costs. GridAI’s model integrates those variables. Its software considers the cost of natural gas, grid tariffs, demand charges, and market pricing signals. It also integrates potential revenue from grid services programs.

Beyond hyperscale campuses, GridAI manages applications for fleets, distributed power systems, and even residential environments where behind-the-meter devices and renewable assets require coordination. While data centers represent the most acute demand center today, the underlying architecture is designed to operate across multiple layers of the energy system.

For more information, visit the company’s website at www.Grid-AI.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to GRDX are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/GRDX

Disseminated on behalf of SPARC AI Inc. (CSE: SPAI) (OTCQB: SPAIF) and may include paid advertising.

• SPARC AI has upgraded its Overwatch platform to continuously optimize drone telemetry using machine learning, reducing targeting and navigation drift without new hardware
• The system learns each drone’s bias patterns through calibration and ongoing operational data, tightening performance across platforms and environments over time
• A newly formed U.S. subsidiary and prior tactical phone deployment position the company to pursue defense procurement pathways in GPS-denied environments

As militaries and commercial operators increasingly deploy low-cost drones at scale, a recurring challenge has emerged: consistency. Inexpensive platforms can be fielded quickly and economically, but sensor variability, telemetry noise, and navigation drift often limit precision and repeatability. Replacing hardware with higher-grade components increases cost, weight, and power consumption, ultimately eroding the very advantages that make low-cost drones attractive in the first place.

SPARC AI (CSE: SPAI) (OTCQB: SPAIF) is positioning its software as a solution to that trade-off. In February, the company announced an upgraded release of SPARC AI Overwatch, a software intelligence layer designed to continuously optimize drone telemetry streams using machine learning models. The objective is to reduce targeting and navigation drift over time, improving reliability without requiring hardware upgrades.

Addressing Drift Through Software

Telemetry drift is a persistent issue in drone operations. Inertial measurement units (“IMUs”), compasses, and other onboard sensors can exhibit bias patterns that vary between individual devices and across environmental conditions. Even small inconsistencies can accumulate over time, affecting navigation accuracy and target acquisition repeatability.

SPARC AI Overwatch is designed to operate as an intelligence layer between commodity drone sensors and mission outcomes. Following a short calibration flight, the platform begins identifying drone-specific telemetry behavior. As the drone continues operating, the system applies corrections in real time, learning from each flight to refine its performance envelope.

According to the company, the upgraded release enables drones to continuously optimize telemetry performance, standardizing accuracy across manufacturers, IMU configurations, altitudes, angles, and environmental conditions. Rather than replacing sensors, the approach attempts to make low-cost hardware perform more like higher-grade systems.

Scaling Performance Without Scaling Cost

The timing of the Overwatch upgrade coincides with broader defense initiatives focused on accelerating procurement of large volumes of inexpensive drones. In that context, maintaining fleet-level reliability without increasing per-unit cost becomes strategically significant.

SPARC AI’s platform is structured to improve as more operational data is collected. Each connected drone contributes telemetry data that expands validated operating conditions and increases statistical confidence across flight regimes. As the dataset grows, the company states that correction quality improves and onboarding time for new platforms shortens.

From an economics standpoint, the value proposition centers on preserving range, battery life, and payload capacity while improving mission reliability. Because the solution operates as a software layer, it does not add weight, draw additional power for external hardware, or complicate integration.

Broader Positioning in GPS-Denied Environments

The Overwatch upgrade builds on SPARC AI’s earlier announcement regarding deployment of its fully offline GPS-denied navigation and laser-free target acquisition application on a defense-focused Tactical Edition smartphone. That release demonstrated the company’s ability to deliver navigation continuity and coordinate generation without GNSS signals, satellite support, lidar, radar, or external range finders.

On the Tactical Edition phone, SPARC AI provides two core capabilities: maintaining navigation when GPS is degraded or spoofed and generating geolocation data from a phone camera without additional hardware. Together with Overwatch, the company is assembling a portfolio aimed at contested or degraded signal environments where traditional navigation systems may be unreliable.

Expanding U.S. Defense Access

SPARC AI has also incorporated a U.S. subsidiary and commenced recruitment to support domestic operations. Establishing an on-the-ground presence is intended to streamline eligibility for U.S. defense bids and tenders, deepen strategic partnerships, and scale deployment and support across North America.

For smaller technology firms, navigating procurement pathways can be as critical as technical performance. The formation of a U.S. entity suggests an effort to align corporate structure with defense market requirements, particularly as the company seeks to position its software within rapidly scaling drone programs.

A Software-Led Approach to Mission Reliability

SPARC AI describes its broader technology framework as Spatial, Predictive, Approximation, and Radial Convolution, or SPARC. At its core, the company focuses on coordinating acquisitions and navigation solutions designed for GPS-denied environments. The Overwatch upgrade reflects a refinement of that thesis: improving performance through continuous AI-driven correction rather than incremental hardware upgrades.

As drone adoption expands across defense and commercial sectors, reliability and repeatability are likely to remain key differentiators. Inexpensive airframes and sensors can enable rapid fielding, but mission effectiveness ultimately depends on consistent navigation and targeting outcomes.

SPARC AI’s current strategy centers on occupying the software layer between commodity hardware and mission execution. Whether in airborne drones or tactical smartphones, the company is emphasizing algorithmic correction and data-driven optimization to enhance performance without altering physical components.

In a market increasingly defined by scale and cost sensitivity, software-based reliability enhancements may offer a pathway to improved operational consistency while preserving fleet economics.

For more information, visit the company’s website at https://sparcai.co.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to SPAIF are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/SPAIF

• Quantum Transportation’s system represents a patented prototype machine-learning-driven decoder aimed at addressing the complex challenges of universal quantum error correction.
• The company describes the technology as code agnostic, meaning it can generalize across multiple quantum error-correction frameworks rather than being limited to a single code family.
• Company leadership framed the unveiling as part of a longer-term technological exploration.

Advancements in artificial intelligence and quantum computing continue to reshape how researchers approach complex computational challenges, particularly in areas such as error correction and large-scale data processing. A recent development in this space highlights the growing intersection between machine learning architectures and quantum research, as companies explore new ways to improve performance and scalability. Rail Vision (NASDAQ: RVSN) announced that its majority-owned subsidiary Quantum Transportation Ltd. has unveiled a transformer-based neural decoder designed to outperform classical algorithms for quantum error correction in simulation environments.

“We are pleased with the continued progress at Quantum Transportation,” said Rail Vision CEO David BenDavid. “We believe that this breakthrough reflects the strength of its research capabilities and reinforces the strategic optionality of our investment as we evaluate future technology pathways.”

According to the announcement, Quantum Transportation’s system represents a prototype machine-learning-driven decoder built upon intellectual property covered by a pending patent application, aimed at addressing the complex challenges of universal quantum error correction. The solution leverages transformer-based neural network architecture, a design approach commonly associated with advanced artificial intelligence (“AI”) models capable of processing complex, high-dimensional data. In comprehensive simulations across diverse quantum error-correction codes and realistic noise environments, the decoder reportedly achieved superior accuracy and efficiency compared with widely used classical algorithms such as Minimum-Weight Perfect Matching and Union-Find.

The company describes the technology as code agnostic, meaning it can generalize across multiple quantum error-correction frameworks rather than being limited to a single code family. This adaptability is considered important within quantum computing research because quantum systems operate under varying noise profiles and error characteristics depending on hardware architecture and operational conditions. The proprietary transformer architecture was specifically optimized for the high-dimensional structure of quantum error syndromes, enabling a machine-learning approach that learns patterns from noise data to refine predictions and corrections.

Another key aspect of the system is the intellectual property strategy surrounding the neural decoder. Rail Vision notes that a solid IP framework has been completed to help secure a defensible position for the technology, suggesting the company views the development not only as a technical milestone but also as a strategic asset within its broader innovation portfolio.

Company leadership framed the unveiling as part of a longer-term technological exploration. BenDavid indicated that progress at Quantum Transportation reflects the strength of its research capabilities and reinforces the strategic optionality of Rail Vision’s investment as the company evaluates future technology pathways. The company also emphasized that while the decoder is currently focused on quantum computing research applications, the teams are exploring how advanced data analysis and computing methodologies could potentially complement Rail Vision’s core railway technologies over time.

Quantum error correction remains a major technical hurdle in the development of scalable quantum computing systems because qubits are highly sensitive to environmental noise and operational imperfections. Effective decoding methods are necessary to identify and correct errors without disrupting fragile quantum states. Rail Vision’s announcement positions the transformer-based approach as a promising advancement in tackling this challenge by reducing computational overhead and improving decoding efficiency through machine learning.

The unveiling also reflects Rail Vision’s evolving strategy of integrating adjacent technologies into its long-term roadmap. In late 2025, the company entered the quantum computing arena by acquiring a majority stake in Quantum Transportation, seeking to combine quantum-AI intellectual property with its existing expertise in rail safety analytics. That strategic move included plans to explore synergies between advanced computing methods and railway detection systems, potentially enhancing capabilities such as predictive analytics, anomaly detection and real-time decision support for rail operators.

Beyond its quantum initiatives, Rail Vision continues to focus on its core mission of improving railway safety through AI-driven vision systems. The company develops electro-optical and thermal sensing platforms that monitor railway tracks, detect obstacles, and provide real-time alerts to operators. These systems aim to reduce collision risks, improve operational efficiency, and support the long-term development of autonomous train operations. Rail Vision’s technologies combine hardware sensors with artificial intelligence algorithms capable of analyzing complex visual data under varying weather and lighting conditions, addressing challenges faced by both passenger and freight rail networks.

Rail Vision’s positioning as an early commercialization-stage company highlights its transition from development to broader market adoption. Its strategy increasingly emphasizes combining AI, advanced analytics, and emerging technologies to enhance safety solutions while exploring new opportunities beyond traditional railway applications. The quantum-related work conducted through Quantum Transportation represents an extension of this innovation-focused approach rather than a replacement for its primary business model.

For more information, visit www.RailVision.io.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to RVSN are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/RVSN

Paid Promotional Disclosure

This press release constitutes a paid promotional communication. Rail Vision has engaged a third-party service provider to provide investor awareness and promotional services, including the dissemination of this press release, and has paid a fee for such services. Rail Vision exercises editorial control over the content of this press release but does not control how, when, or to whom the information is distributed by such third party.

This press release is for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities of Rail Vision. Investing in Rail Vision’s securities involves significant risks, and readers are encouraged to review Rail Vision’s filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission available at www.sec.gov before making any investment decision.

• ETST reported a third fiscal quarter 2026 revenue of $8.4 million, up 14.1% year-over-year
• Gross margin expanded to 76.3%, highlighting an improved operating leverage across its portfolio
• The company announced governance reforms and cost initiatives expected to drive about $1.4 million in annualized savings and over 40% projected net income growth

Earth Science Tech (OTC: ETST), a strategic holding company reputed for acquiring and growing high-potential operating businesses, is stepping into a new era of disciplined growth characterized by expanding margins, optimizing cash generation, and a total shift toward a more shareholder-focused public company model.

In the company’s third fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2025, the company published a revenue of $8.4 million, indicating a 14.1% growth over the previous fiscal year. Notably, ETST’s gross profit increased to $6.4 million, resulting in a gross margin expansion to 76.3% compared to 69.2% the previous year. This growth is a pointer to increased product sales, disciplined expense management, and better operating leverage across subsidiaries (ibn.fm/DISFJ).

The company’s net income for the quarter increased by 341% over the previous quarter to $910,000, and adjusted EBITDA rose to $1.2 million from $0.3 million during the same period under review. These outcomes underscore the scalability embedded in the company’s diverse operating structure while reinforcing the management’s view that the company is hitting a better baseline earnings profile.
A key driver of this unprecedented growth is the company’s telemedicine platform Peaks, which recently exceeded $2.0 million in revenue in just under a year of growing from $248,000. With over ten additional state licenses pending, the company is strategically positioning the platform for greater geographical reach and improved revenue acceleration in 2026.

ETST’s financial prudence has been a core aspect of the company’s overall operational strategy, and as of December 31, 2025, the company reported no bank debt and successfully generated $1.2 million in positive operating cash flow for the fiscal year-to-date. The company also successfully purchased and retired 3.7 million shares in just over nine years, cutting down outstanding common shares by 3.6% year-over-year and reinforcing capital allocation discipline.

ETST also continues to consolidate operational performance by recently announcing a number of public company initiatives designed to improve governance, long-term shareholder alignment, and transparency. The company’s management projects about $1.4 million in annual cost savings in the 2026 fiscal year, supporting projected net income growth of over 40%, to about $4.7 million on a go-forward basis before incremental organic growth (ibn.fm/H0Ro3).

Strategic aspects of the plan include portfolio optimization using divestiture of non-core assets, capital structure rationalization, and consolidation of subsidiaries under unified brands to unlock operational synergies. The company also seeks to introduce advisory shareholder votes on executive compensation in addition to the possible retirement of Series B preferred stock, underscoring accountability and transparency.

These updates place ETST strategically for margin expansion, governance reform coverage, and cost rationalization. With its solid 2026 momentum, a clear pathway to institutional readiness, and geographic expansion, the company is on its way towards consistent revenue growth.

For more information, visit EarthScienceTech.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to ETST are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/ETST

Disseminated on behalf of  Powermax Minerals Inc. (CSE: PMAX) (OTCQB: PWMXF) and may include paid advertising.

• The two additional claims extend high-priority exploration targets identified in a 2025 airborne geophysical survey.
• Integrated magnetic, radiometric and geochemical data suggest a phosphate-rich NYF-type REE mineral system.
• The acquisition cost was $3,000, subject to a back-in right if option conditions are not met by August 31, 2028.
• The Atikokan Project lies within the Wabigoon Subprovince of the Superior Province, a geologically prospective region.
• The move comes amid rising global demand for rare earth elements and Western efforts to diversify supply chains away from China.

Powermax Minerals (CSE: PMAX) (OTCQB: PWMXF), a Canadian mineral exploration company, is expanding the footprint of its Atikokan Rare Earth Project in northwestern Ontario, adding two contiguous mining claims that management says capture extensions of high-priority exploration targets identified in recent geophysical work (https://ibn.fm/2cnc3).

The company announced on February 6, 2026, that it has acquired a 100% interest in the additional claims under a property purchase agreement dated January 30, 2026. The claims adjoin Blocks B and C along the northern boundary of the Atikokan Project in the Thunder Bay Mining District. The newly acquired ground comprises 37 contiguous mining claim cells in the Ignace-Atikokan area. The claims were secured from 0761585 BC Ltd. and 1544230 Ontario Inc., both arm’s-length parties, for cash consideration of $3,000.

The agreement includes a back-in provision. If Powermax does not satisfy all conditions required to exercise its broader option over the Atikokan Project by August 31, 2028, it must transfer its interest in the additional claims back to the vendors at no additional cost. The expansion builds on a purchase option agreement signed June 18, 2025, covering the broader Atikokan property. The counterparties to that option are also the vendors of the newly acquired claims.

Management said the decision followed a 2025 high-resolution helicopter-borne magnetic and radiometric survey across the project area. Results released in January 2026 indicated multiple structurally controlled rare earth element (“REE”) targets associated with granitic and pegmatitic host rocks and coincident magnetic lows.

According to the company, elevated thorium-to-potassium (“Th/K”) radiometric ratios, interpreted as proxies for total rare earth element (“TREE”) enrichment, delineate alteration zones that correlate spatially with interpreted structural trends and lake sediment TREE anomalies.

The integrated geophysical and geochemical signatures are described as consistent with a phosphate-rich NYF-type REE mineral system. NYF systems, enriched in niobium (“Nb”), yttrium (“Y”) and fluorine (“F”), can host concentrations of rare earth elements alongside thorium and uranium.

Chief executive Paul Gorman said the company negotiated the additional ground after reviewing the airborne data, which suggested that high-priority targets extend into the newly acquired area. “We are excited to continue exploration at Atikokan and look forward to the assay results from the Q4 2025 exploration program that was just recently conducted,” he added.

The Atikokan Project lies within the Wabigoon Subprovince of the Archean Superior Province. The property is underlain by metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks intruded by granitoid plutons, including granodiorite and granite. Much of the project area is associated with the White Otter Batholith, a large composite intrusive complex regarded as prospective for REE mineralization.

Powermax currently holds an option over 455 unpatented mining claims at Atikokan. Beyond Ontario, the company has an option to acquire the Cameron REE Property in British Columbia and the 5,178-hectare Pinard REE project in Northern Ontario. It also owns a 100% interest in the Ogden Bear Lodge Project in Crook County, Wyoming.

The Atikokan expansion comes amid intensifying interest in rare earth elements globally. Demand for REEs, critical inputs in permanent magnets used in electric vehicles, wind turbines and defense technologies, is projected to rise sharply over the coming decade. Industry estimates suggest global demand could triple from roughly 59,000 tonnes in 2022 to 176,000 tonnes by 2035, while the market is forecast to grow from approximately $3.95 billion in 2024 to $6.3 billion by 2030.

At the same time, supply chains remain highly concentrated. China accounts for roughly 60% of global rare earth mining and about 90% of processing capacity. Recent export restrictions on certain critical minerals have underscored geopolitical risks for Western manufacturers.

In response, the United States has deployed the Defense Production Act and other mechanisms to channel more than $1 billion into domestic rare earth and critical mineral supply chains, including long-term purchase commitments. Canadian companies may be eligible for certain U.S. defense-related funding programs, adding a policy dimension to exploration efforts north of the border.

For more information, visit the company’s website at www.PowermaxMinerals.com.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to PWMXF are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/PWMXF

Exploration Target Cautionary Statement

The exploration targets discussed are conceptual, and there is currently not enough data to confirm a mineral resource. Further exploration may not yield successful results.

Disseminated on behalf of Trilogy Metals Inc. (NYSE American: TMQ) (TSX: TMQ)  and may include paid advertising.

• Trilogy Metals’ Arctic Project in Alaska’s Ambler Mining District hosts probable mineral reserves of 46.7 million tonnes grading 2.11% copper, 2.9% zinc, 0.56% lead, plus gold and silver, supporting a feasibility-stage development plan
• The Arctic Project is part of the Upper Kobuk Mineral Projects spanning roughly 190,929 hectares, a district-scale land package prospective for additional polymetallic discoveries
• Alongside Arctic, the nearby Bornite Project contains an inferred copper resource of 6.527 billion pounds, providing a second major mineralized system within the same Upper Kobuk Mineral Projects area

Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide (“VMS”) deposits are one of mining’s most interesting paradoxes: they form in tectonically active environments, yet they often deliver the kind of metal endowment that makes a district worth building infrastructure around. For investors trying to understand why certain base metal projects command attention in any cycle, VMS geology explains why some deposits can be high-grade, polymetallic, copper or precious-metal rich, and repeatable across a belt.

Trilogy Metals (NYSE American: TMQ) (TSX: TMQ) is a case study in what happens when that favourable geology is present at a district scale. The company is focused on Alaska’s Ambler Mining District through the Upper Kobuk Mineral Projects (“UKMP”), a large land position that includes the feasibility-stage Arctic VMS Project and the Bornite copper-cobalt system. 

VMS 101: How the Seafloor Builds Metal Endowment

A VMS deposit is essentially the fossilized footprint of a hydrothermal system that was deposited on or near the seafloor. In simplified terms, seawater percolates down through fractures in hot volcanic rocks, heats up, leaches metals, then rises back to the seafloor, where it vents into the ocean. As the hot, metal-rich fluids cool and mix with seawater, sulphide minerals precipitate and accumulate, often forming thick, high-grade lenses. This is why VMS deposits are typically associated with ancient underwater volcanic settings and why they commonly occur in clusters along a belt rather than as isolated, one-off occurrences.

This has important implications for mining economics. VMS systems tend to concentrate multiple metals together, commonly copper and zinc, with lead, silver, and gold credits. That polymetallic nature can create multiple payable streams and, in favorable metallurgical conditions, meaningful byproduct offsets. It can also reduce dependence on a single commodity, a practical advantage in metal price cycles.

Why VMS Projects Can Be “District” Stories, Not Single-Deposit Stories

A second key trait of VMS belts is repetition. If the right geological “plumbing” existed once, it can occur again nearby, especially along the same structural corridor. That is why many of the world’s most productive base metal camps are better understood as belts containing multiple deposits, rather than as single, isolated mines.

Trilogy’s Arctic Project is positioned in that style of setting, as part of a total land package of about 190,929 hectares (471,796 acres). 

In the context of VMS exploration, scale matters because it increases the odds of finding additional lenses, satellite deposits, or completely new deposits that can extend mine life.

Arctic: A Feasibility-Stage VMS Deposit with Polymetallic Grades

At the center of Trilogy’s near-term development narrative is the Arctic Project, a VMS deposit advanced to feasibility-study stage. In the January 2026 corporate presentation, Trilogy reports mineral reserves of 46.7 million tonnes grading 2.11% copper, 2.9% zinc, 0.56% lead, plus 0.42 g/t gold and 31.8 g/t silver. 

Those grades underscore the defining VMS attribute: compact tonnage paired with high metal intensity and a meaningful mix of payable products. The same presentation frames Arctic as supporting a 13-year mine life and provides base-case economics (pre-tax Net Present Value of $1.5 billion and 25.8% Internal Rate of Return at a base-case copper price of $3.65 per pound). 

VMS grade and byproduct credits can translate into robust per-tonne value when the project is engineered and permitted appropriately.

Bornite: A Second Major System Inside the Same Project Area

While Arctic represents the flagship VMS-style development plan, Trilogy also points to Bornite as a substantial source of copper within the broader UKMP footprint. Unlike the Arctic VMS deposit hosted in volcanic rocks, Bornite is hosted by limestones and dolomites that are sedimentary rocks. The corporate presentation cites an inferred copper resource of 6.527 billion pounds at Bornite, associated with 208.9 million tonnes grading 1.42% copper. 

Bornite’s importance in a “Geology 101” discussion is that it shows UKMP is not a single-deposit story. In districts where infrastructure, permitting effort, and stakeholder engagement are major value drivers, multiple sizable mineralized systems can matter as much as grade. Trilogy highlights a Bornite Preliminary Economic Assessment (“PEA”) framework and positioning that could extend UKMP mine activity beyond a single mine life scenario. 

The Practical Overlay: Permitting and the “Access” Question

Even the best geology has to clear practical hurdles. On permitting, Trilogy’s presentation notes that a 404 wetlands permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is the only significant federal permit required, with other major permits issued by the State of Alaska. 

The document also lays out a NEPA Environmental Impact Statement pathway that frames permitting as a defined sequence rather than an abstract concept. 

Trilogy also emphasizes balance sheet positioning and strategic context, including disclosure of cash of approximately US$50 million and no debt (as presented). 

Why VMS Resonates with Metal Investors

For metal investors, VMS deposits remain compelling because they uniquely combine three characteristics: relatively high grades, multiple payable metals, and a tendency to occur in belts capable of hosting numerous deposits awaiting discovery. Trilogy’s exposure is framed around this district logic: a large land position in a mineral-rich belt, anchored by a feasibility-stage Arctic VMS deposit and complemented by a second major copper system at Bornite. 

In plain terms, VMS geology is compelling because it offers a repeatable recipe for building a mining district. Trilogy Metals is attempting to translate that recipe into an Alaska-based critical minerals development story, with the Arctic deposit serving as the feasibility-stage cornerstone and the broader UKMP footprint providing exploration upside and long-term optionality – exactly the kind of repeatable potential that VMS belts are known for.

For more information, visit www.trilogymetals.com. 

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to Trilogy Metals are available in the company’s newsroom at ibn.fm/TMQ

Disseminated on behalf of SPARC AI Inc. (CSE: SPAI) (OTCQB: SPAIF) and may include paid advertising.

• SPARC AI is positioning Overwatch as a geolocation intelligence platform that enables drones and robots to navigate and geolocate targets without GPS, lasers, radar, or lidar
• The company’s stack spans a software only Target Acquisition System, a Mobile Acquisition System that turns phones into targeting nodes, and a GPS denied Navigation System for autonomous waypoint flight paths
• SPARC AI describes a recurring annual fee per connected device business model, with a stated mission to connect one million devices to Overwatch

Modern security and defense planning increasingly assumes that satellite navigation will not be reliable in every theater, every mission, or every moment. As electronic warfare, spoofing, and signal denial become mainstream risks, the premium shifts toward systems that can still deliver repeatable positioning, targeting, and mission execution when the easy layers of infrastructure disappear.

A Software First Answer to GPS Denial

SPARC AI (CSE: SPAI) (OTCQB: SPAIF) is building its platform around a simple premise: autonomy and targeting should not require a stack of expensive, power hungry hardware to function in contested environments. The company describes itself as a software company focused on GPS denied autonomy and target intelligence for defense and security markets, enabling drones and robots across land, air, and sea to geolocate and navigate without GPS, laser, radar, or lidar. 

In its materials, SPARC AI emphasizes that the approach is built on advanced mathematical modeling that creates a 3D spatial understanding of terrain and position, with the intent of reducing cost, power demands, and detectability in signal jammed environments. 

The company also points to a long research runway, citing 15 years of research and development and registered patents in seven countries, including the United States. 

Core Systems: Target Acquisition, Mobile, and Navigation

The company’s presentation breaks the platform into three operational building blocks that can be deployed separately or tied together.

Target Acquisition System. SPARC AI describes a software only Target Acquisition System designed to determine the geolocation of a distant object or point of interest, without requiring sensors, lasers, radar, lidar, image recognition, or GPS. 

The claimed advantage is a “zero signature” configuration, supported by a product principle that emphasizes operation with “zero detectable emissions” for contested environments. 

Mobile Acquisition System. The mobile layer is positioned as a way to push targeting workflows down to the operator level. In SPARC AI’s description, once a target is identified on screen, the mobile system calculates the geolocation of that target and sends it to a connected drone, which can autonomously fly to the coordinates for follow on action. 

The company frames this as turning smartphones into mission nodes that can maintain accuracy even when GPS is jammed. 

GPS Denied Navigation System. SPARC AI also describes a navigation layer that leverages its targeting capability to generate waypoint flight paths in GPS denied environments. 

The system is positioned as mission planning software that can generate a 360-degree autonomous flight path around a target, while maintaining a continuous camera lock for persistent surveillance and real time intelligence. 

Overwatch as the Intelligence Layer

Overwatch is presented as the unifying layer that integrates Target Acquisition and Autonomous Navigation into a single workflow. 

The presentation highlights analytical tooling inside Overwatch, including target classification, mission planning, insights, and timeline analysis intended to record movements and behaviors for surveillance, reconnaissance, and tracking. 

Strategically, SPARC AI states its mission as connecting one million devices to Overwatch, across air, land, sea surface, and below sea. 

Commercially, it describes a recurring annual fee per connected device model, a structure that aligns with software deployment across large fleets rather than one off hardware sales. 

Integration Path and Field Readiness Signals

The company’s materials also emphasize designing products to “reach every customer and device,” alongside a path to commercialization built around third party integrations and APIs that make integration into drones and robotic systems faster and more cost effective. 

One concrete example cited in the presentation is an integration with Parrot ANAFI GOV/MIL, described as a U.S. built drone used by defense agencies and first responders, listed on the Blue UAS Cleared List, with SPARC AI providing edge software integrated into the drone’s flight controller to capture geolocation data that is transmitted to Overwatch. 

Taken together, SPARC AI’s positioning is clear: as drones proliferate and low cost platforms are fielded at scale, mission reliability in denied environments becomes a software problem as much as a hardware one. SPARC AI is attempting to be the layer that makes commodity sensors and common devices deliver higher confidence targeting and navigation, even when GPS is not an option.

For more information, visit the company’s website at https://sparcai.co.

NOTE TO INVESTORS: The latest news and updates relating to SPAIF are available in the company’s newsroom at https://ibn.fm/SPAIF